22 Maret, 2012

Download Dexpot 1.5.16

Download Dexpot 1.5.16



Title:Dexpot 1.5.16
Filename:dexpot_1516_r1853.exe
File size:3.86MB (4,050,605 bytes)
Requirements:Windows 2000 / XP / 2003 / Vista / Windows7 / XP64 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:Multiple languages
License:Freeware
Date added:March 21, 2012
Author:Dexpot GbR
www.dexpot.de

Old Versions
Dexpot 1.5.15
Dexpot 1.5.14
Dexpot 1.5.13
Dexpot 1.5.12
Dexpot 1.5.11
Dexpot 1.5.10
Dexpot 1.5.9
Dexpot 1.5.8
 Download Latest Version 3.86MB



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Download Windows Live Mail 2011 (15.4.3555)

Download Windows Live Mail 2011 (15.4.3555)



Title:Windows Live Mail 2011 (15.4.3555)
Filename:wlsetup-web.exe
File size:1.23MB (1,287,528 bytes)
Requirements:Windows Vista / Windows7 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:en-US
License:Freeware
Date added:March 21, 2012
Author:Microsoft Corporation

Download Latest Version 1.23MB

Old Versions
Windows Live Mail 2011 (15.4.3538)
Windows Live Mail 2011 (15.4.3508)
Windows Live Mail 2011
Windows Live Mail 2011 Beta
Windows Live Mail 2009
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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Download Google Chrome 19.0.1068.1 Dev

Download Google Chrome 19.0.1068.1 Dev

Title:Google Chrome 19.0.1068.1 Dev
Filename:chrome_installer.exe
File size:25.28MB (26,511,232 bytes)
Requirements:Windows XP / 2003 / Vista / Windows7 / XP64 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:Multiple languages
License:Open Source
Date added:March 16, 2012
Author:Google

Download Latest Version 25.28MB
Old Versions
Google Chrome 19.0.1068.0 Dev
Google Chrome 19.0.1061.1 Dev
Google Chrome 19.0.1055.1 Dev
Google Chrome 19.0.1049.3 Dev
Google Chrome 19.0.1041.0 Dev
Google Chrome 19.0.1036.7 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.117 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.113 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.109 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.100 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.58 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.56 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.54 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.45 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.39 Beta
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.7 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.3 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1025.1 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1017.2 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1010.1 Dev
Google Chrome 18.0.1003.1 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.963.79
Google Chrome 17.0.963.78
Google Chrome 17.0.963.66
Google Chrome 17.0.963.65
Google Chrome 17.0.963.56
Google Chrome 17.0.963.26 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.963.12 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.963.6 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.963.2 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.963.0 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.942.0 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.938.0 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.932.0 Dev
Google Chrome 17.0.928.0 Dev
Google Chrome 16.0.912.21 Dev
Google Chrome 16.0.912.15 Dev
Google Chrome 16.0.912.4 Dev
Google Chrome 16.0.912.0 Dev
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Download Orbit Downloader 4.1.5

Download Orbit Downloader 4.1.5


Title:Orbit Downloader 4.1.5
Filename:OrbitSetup4.1.0.5.exe
File size:4.34MB (4,547,096 bytes)
Requirements:Windows 2000 / XP / 2003 / Vista / Windows7 / XP64 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:Multiple languages
License:Freeware
Date added:March 21, 2012
Author:Innoshock

 Download Latest Version 4.34MB


Old Versions
Orbit Downloader 4.1.4
Orbit Downloader 4.1.2
Orbit Downloader 4.1.1
Orbit Downloader 4.1.0
Orbit Downloader 4.0.11
Orbit Downloader 4.0.10
Orbit Downloader 4.0.9
Orbit Downloader 4.0.8
Orbit Downloader 4.0.7
Orbit Downloader 4.0.6
Orbit Downloader 4.0.5
Orbit Downloader 4.0.4
Orbit Downloader 4.0.3
Orbit Downloader 4.0.2
Orbit Downloader 4.0.1
Orbit Downloader 3.0.5
Orbit Downloader 3.0.4
Orbit Downloader 3.0.3
Orbit Downloader 3.0.2
Orbit Downloader 3.0.1
Orbit Downloader 3.0.00
Orbit Downloader 2.8.20
Orbit Downloader 2.8.19
Orbit Downloader 2.8.18
Orbit Downloader 2.8.17
Orbit Downloader 2.8.16
Orbit Downloader 2.8.15
Orbit Downloader 2.8.14
Orbit Downloader 2.8.13
Orbit Downloader 2.8.12
Orbit Downloader 2.8.11
Orbit Downloader 2.8.10
Orbit Downloader 2.8.9
Orbit Downloader 2.8.8
Orbit Downloader 2.8.7
Orbit Downloader 2.8.6
Orbit Downloader 2.8.5
Orbit Downloader 2.8.4

 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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Download Windows Live Writer 2011 (15.4.3555)

Download Windows Live Writer 2011 (15.4.3555)


Title:Windows Live Writer 2011 (15.4.3555)
Filename:wlsetup-web.exe
File size:1.23MB (1,287,528 bytes)
Requirements:Windows Vista / Windows7 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:en-US
License:Freeware
Date added:March 21, 2012
Author:Microsoft Corporation

Download Latest Version  1.23MB


Old Versions
Windows Live Writer 2011 (15.4.3538)
Windows Live Writer 2011 (15.4.3508)
Windows Live Writer 2011
Windows Live Writer 2011 Beta
Windows Live Writer 2009


 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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20 Maret, 2012

Ip tables

Ip tables

 

Edit file /etc/sysctl.conf, cari teks # net.ipv4.ip_forward=1, hilangkan tanda (#).
 sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf                                                                                          
Selanjutnya lakuakn perintah berikut
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
 restart
 reboot
Jrenggg Alhamdulillah berhasil
udah gitu aja kok :)

dari berbagai sumber dan berbagai orang yang saya repotkan dengan pertanyaan seorang pemula...
  http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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19 Maret, 2012

Install MRTG di Ubuntu

Install MRTG di Ubuntu

Install MRTG, Apache2, Squid and SNMP
$ sudo apt-get install apache2 snmpd mrtg snmp-mibs-downloader squid
Configure SNMP
Backup /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
$ sudo mv /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.bak
Create new /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
$ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
and key in these lines:
rocommunity  public
syslocation  "Bukit Batok"
syscontact  xxxxxx@yahoo.com
com2sec public localhost public
group public v1 public
group public v2c public
group public usm public
view all included .1
access public "" any noauth exact all none none
Edit /etc/default/snmpd:
$ sudo nano /etc/default/snmpd
and make sure it contains these lines:
SNMPDRUN=yes
SNMPDOPTS='-Lsd -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -g snmp -I -smux -p /var/run/snmpd.pid -c /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf'
SNMPDCOMPAT=yes
Configure Squid
Edit /etc/squid/squid.conf
$ sudo nano /etc/squid/squid.conf
and make sure these lines exist:
snmp_port 3401
acl snmppublic snmp_community public
snmp_access allow snmppublic all
Restart Squid:
$ sudo /usr/sbin/squid -k reconfigure
Configure MRTG
Create configuration file:
$ sudo cfgmaker --global 'WorkDir:/var/www/mrtg' --ifref=name --ifdesc=eth --global 'Options[_]: bits' --output /etc/mrtg.cfg  --snmp-options=:::::1 public@localhost
Edit /etc/mrtg.cfg and make sure these lines exist:
### Global Config Options
WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg
RunAsDaemon: yes
EnableIPv6: no
Options[_]: bits
LoadMIBS: /usr/share/snmp/mibs/SQUID.txt
### Squid Config
Target[proxy-hit]: cacheHttpHits&cacheServerRequests:public@localhost:3401
# If you are using Squid 2.6 or later, uncomment the following line
RouterName[proxy-hit]: cacheUniqName
MaxBytes[proxy-hit]: 100000
Title[proxy-hit]: HTTP Hits
PageTop[proxy-hit]: <H1>proxy Cache Statistics: HTTP Hits/Requests</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>saniya</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>kumkum</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Description:</TD><TD>Squid Proxy server</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
Suppress[proxy-hit]: y
LegendI[proxy-hit]:  HTTP hits
LegendO[proxy-hit]:  HTTP requests
Legend1[proxy-hit]:  HTTP hits
Legend2[proxy-hit]:  HTTP requests
YLegend[proxy-hit]: perminute
ShortLegend[proxy-hit]: req/min
Options[proxy-hit]: nopercent, perminute, dorelpercent, unknaszero

Target[proxy-srvkbinout]: cacheServerInKb&cacheServerOutKb:public@localhost:3401
# If you are using Squid 2.6 or later, uncomment the following line
RouterName[proxy-srvkbinout]: cacheUniqName
MaxBytes[proxy-srvkbinout]: 76800
Title[proxy-srvkbinout]: Cache Server Traffic In/Out
PageTop[proxy-srvkbinout]: <H1>Cache Statistics: Server traffic volume (In/Out)</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>saniya</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>kumkum</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Description:</TD><TD>Squid Proxy server</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
Suppress[proxy-srvkbinout]: y
LegendI[proxy-srvkbinout]:  Traffic In
LegendO[proxy-srvkbinout]:  Traffic Out
Legend1[proxy-srvkbinout]:  Traffic In
Legend2[proxy-srvkbinout]:  Traffic Out
YLegend[proxy-srvkbinout]: per minute
ShortLegend[proxy-srvkbinout]: b/min
kMG[proxy-srvkbinout]: k,M,G,T
kilo[proxy-srvkbinout]: 1024
Options[proxy-srvkbinout]: nopercent, perminute, unknaszero
Create MRTG index file:
$ sudo indexmaker /etc/mrtg.cfg > /var/www/mrtg/index.html
Execute MRTG:
$ env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg.cfg
MRTG will default graph the data every 5 minutes.
To change this interval into 10 minutes, add this line into mrtg.cfg:
Interval : 10
To view MRTG graphs, go to http://localhost/mrtg/

sumber
 http://colekcolek.com
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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17 Maret, 2012

CLI Debian

CLI Debian


A

  • alias: Create an alias
  • awk: Find and Replace text within file(s)

B

  • basename: Return just the file name alone
  • bzip2/bunzip2: Compress or decompress named file(s)

C

  • cat: Display the contents of a file
  • cat -n: simple way to add line-numbers to the output of a command
  • cd: Change Directory
  • chgrp: Change group ownership
  • chmod: Change access permissions
  • chown: Change file owner and group
  • chroot: Run a command with a different root directory
  • clear: Clear terminal screen
  • cmp: Compare two files
  • comm: Compare two sorted files line by line
  • cp Copy one or more files to another location
  • crontab: Schedule a command to run at a later time

D

  • date: Display or change the date & time
  • dc: Desk Calculator
  • dd: Data Dump - Convert and copy a file
  • df: Display free disk space
  • diff: Display the differences between two files
  • dir: Briefly list directory contents
  • dircolors: Colour setup for ls
  • dirname: Convert a full pathname to just a path
  • dmesg: Output is from the kernel booting, showing the devices it has found and if it has been able to configure them at all (aside from userland configuration).
  • du: Estimate file space usage

E

  • echo: Display message on screen
  • egrep: Print lines matching a pattern (same as grep -E)
  • eject: Eject CD-ROM
  • env: Display, set, or remove environment variables
  • exit: Exit the shell (or press Ctrl-D)
  • export: Set an environment variable

F

  • fdisk: Partition table manipulator for Linux
  • fgrep: Print lines matching a pattern (same as grep -F)
  • file: Tells what kind of files are those listed on command line
  • find: Search for files that meet a desired criteria
  • for: Expand words, and execute commands
  • format: Format disks or tapes
  • free: Display memory usage
  • fsck: Filesystem consistency check and repair.
  • ftp: Transerfer/receive files from/to a remote host

G

  • grep: Print lines matching a pattern
  • groups: Print group names a user is in
  • gzip/gunzip: Compress or decompress named file(s)

H

  • head: Output the first part of file(s)
  • history: Command History
  • hostname: Print or set system name

I

  • id: Print user and group id's
  • if/then/else/elif/fi Conditionally perform a command
  • info: Help info

J

  • join: Joins lines on a common field

K

  • kill: Stops a process from running
  • killall: Stops matching process from running

L

  • less: Display output one screen at a time
  • ln: Make links between files
  • locate: Find files using an indexed list.
  • logname: Print current login name
  • logout: Exit a login shell
  • lpc: Line printer control program
  • lpr: Off line print
  • lprint: Print a file
  • lprintq: List the print queue
  • ls: List information about file(s)

M

  • man: Help manual
  • mkdir: Create new folder(s)
  • more: Display output one screen at a time
  • mount: Mount a file system
  • mv: Move or rename files or directories

N

  • nice: Set the priority of a command or job

P

  • passwd: Modify a user password
  • printf: Format and print data
  • ps: Process Status. Lists running process
  • pwd: Print Working Directory

Q

R

  • rgrep: Recursive grep
  • rm: Remove file(s)
  • rmdir: Remove folder(s)
  • rsync: Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) using its own protocol. It may be used over an ssh or rsh connexion.

S

  • scp: Copy files between two machines over an ssh connexion
  • sdiff: Merge two files interactively
  • sed: Stream Editor
  • select: Accept keyboard input
  • sftp: Secure file transfer (FTP over SSH)
  • shutdown: Shutdown or restart linux
  • sleep: Delay for a specified time
  • sort: Sort text files
  • ssh: Secure Shell.
  • su: Substitute user identity
  • sudo: execute a command as another user
  • sync: Synchronize data on disk with memory

T

  • tail: Output the last part of files
  • tar: Tape Archiver
  • time: Measure Program Resource Use
  • touch: Change file timestamps or create an empty file
  • top: List processes running on the system
  • traceroute: Trace Route to Host
  • tr: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
  • true: Do nothing, successfully

U

  • umask: Users file creation mask
  • umount: Unmount a device
  • uname: Print system information
  • uniq: Uniquify files
  • until: Execute commands (until error)
  • useradd: Create new user account
  • usermod: Modify user account
  • users: List users currently logged in

V

  • vdir: Verbosely list directory contents (ls -l -b)

W

  • watch: Execute/display a program periodically
  • wc: Print byte, word and line counts
  • which: Locate a program file in the user's path.
  • who: Print all usernames currently logged in
  • whoami: Print the current user id and name (`id -un') 
    whatis 

X

xargs: Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)

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CLI Organizing file and directory

CLI Organizing file and directory

 Belajar CLI Debian dalam pengolahan filw dan folder...

Organizing file and directory

  • cp : Copy one or more files to another location
  • dir : Briefly list directory contents
  • file : Tells what kind of files are those listed on command line
  • gzip/gunzip: Compress or decompress named file(s)
  • ls : List information about file(s)
  • mv : Move or rename files or directories
  • mkdir : création de dossier
  • popd : Remove the top entry from the directory stack, and cd to the new top directory.
  • pushd : Save and then change the current directory. With no arguments, pushd exchanges the top two directories.
  • pwd : Display the working directory (Print Working Directory)
  • rcp : Remote Copy - move files between machines.
  • rm : Remove files
  • rmdir : Remove directory
  • rsh : Remote shell
  • rsync : Remote file copy - Synchronize file trees across local disks, directories or across a network.
  • scp : Secure copy (remote file copy program)
  • sync : Synchronize data on disk with memory
  • tar : Tape ARchiver, store, list or extract files in an archive.

Text editing

The text editors in CLI are very important with the operating system on unix type because they use configuration files. A page is make to their.
See Text éditors

Visual files

  • cat : Display the contents of a file (concatenate)
  • less : Display output one screen at a time, Search through output, Edit the command line.
  • more : Display output one screen at a time, less provides more emulation and extensive enhancements.

Manipuling the rights

  • chgrp : Change group ownership
  • chmod : Change access permissions, change mode
  • chown : Change owner, change the user and/or group ownership of each given File to a new Owner.

Obtains the system informations

  • df : Disk Free - display free disk space
  • du : Disk Usage - report the amount of disk space used by the specified files and for each subdirectory
  • file : Determine file type
  • free : Display the usage of RAM

Informations on identity of user

  • groups : Print group names a user is in
  • id : Print real and effective user id (uid) and group id (gid), prints identity information about the given user, or if no user is specified the current process
  • whoami : Print the current user id and name (`id -un')

Find a file

  • find : Search a folder hierarchy for filename(s) that meet a desired criteria: Name, Size, File Type,…
  • locate : Find files

Printing

  • lpc : line printer control program
  • lpr : off line print - sends a print job to the default system queue
  • lprint : Print files
  • lprintd : Abort a printing task
  • lprintq : List of printing task
  • lprm : Remove a task in list of printing task
  • pr : Format text file to printing

Other

  • history : History of commands
  • screen : Multiplex a physical terminal between several processes (typically interactive shells)

 Sumber Derbian.org
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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15 Maret, 2012

Download VirtualBox 4.1.10.76795

Download VirtualBox 4.1.10.76795

Title:VirtualBox 4.1.10.76795
Filename:VirtualBox-4.1.10-76795-Win.exe
File size:89.62MB (93,974,832 bytes)
Requirements:Windows XP / 2003 / Vista / Windows7 / XP64 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:Multiple languages
License:Open Source
Date added:March 14, 2012
Author:Oracle
Download Latest Version 89.62MB


Old Versions
VirtualBox 4.0.16.75491
VirtualBox 4.1.8.75467
VirtualBox 4.1.6.74713
VirtualBox 4.1.4.74291
VirtualBox 4.1.2.73507
VirtualBox 4.1.0.73009
VirtualBox 4.1.0 Beta 3
VirtualBox 4.1.0 Beta 2
VirtualBox 4.1.0 Beta 1
VirtualBox 4.0.14.74382
VirtualBox 4.0.12.72916
VirtualBox 4.0.10.72479
VirtualBox 4.0.8.71778
VirtualBox 4.0.6.71416
VirtualBox 4.0.6.71344
VirtualBox 4.0.4.70112
VirtualBox 4.0.2.69518
VirtualBox 4.0.0.69151
VirtualBox 4.0.0 Beta 4
VirtualBox 4.0.0 Beta 3
VirtualBox 4.0.0 Beta 2
VirtualBox 4.0.0 Beta 1
VirtualBox 3.2.12.68302
VirtualBox 3.2.10.66523
VirtualBox 3.2.8.64453
VirtualBox 3.2.6.63112
VirtualBox 3.2.6 Beta 2
VirtualBox 3.2.6 Beta 1
VirtualBox 3.2.4.62467
VirtualBox 3.2.4.62431
VirtualBox 3.2.2.62298
VirtualBox 3.2.0.61806
VirtualBox 3.2.0 Beta 3
VirtualBox 3.2.0 Beta 2
VirtualBox 3.2.0 Beta 1
VirtualBox 3.1.8.61349
VirtualBox 3.1.6.59338
VirtualBox 3.1.4.57640
VirtualBox 3.1.4 Beta 2
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
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14 Maret, 2012

Download Notepad++ 5.9.8

Download Notepad++ 5.9.8


Title:Notepad++ 5.9.8
Filename:npp.5.9.8.Installer.exe
File size:5.39MB (5,650,428 bytes)
Requirements:Windows 2000 / XP / 2003 / Vista / Windows7 / XP64 / Vista64 / Windows7 64
Languages:Multiple languages
License:Open Source
Date added:January 5, 2012
Author:Notepad++

Download Latest Version  5.39MB

Old Versions
Notepad++ 5.9.6.2
Notepad++ 5.9.6.1
Notepad++ 5.9.6
Notepad++ 5.9.5
Notepad++ 5.9.4
Notepad++ 5.9.3
Notepad++ 5.9.2
Notepad++ 5.9.1
Notepad++ 5.9
Notepad++ 5.8.7
Notepad++ 5.8.6
Notepad++ 5.8.5
Notepad++ 5.8.4
Notepad++ 5.8.3
Notepad++ 5.8.2
Notepad++ 5.8.1
Notepad++ 5.8
Notepad++ 5.7
Notepad++ 5.6.8
Notepad++ 5.6.7
Notepad++ 5.6.6
Notepad++ 5.6.5
Notepad++ 5.6.4
Notepad++ 5.6.3
Notepad++ 5.6.2
Notepad++ 5.6.1
Notepad++ 5.6
Notepad++ 5.5.1
Notepad++ 5.5.0
Notepad++ 5.4.5
Notepad++ 5.4.4
Notepad++ 5.4.3
Notepad++ 5.4.2
Notepad++ 5.4.1
Notepad++ 5.4
Notepad++ 5.3.1
Notepad++ 5.3
Notepad++ 5.2
Notepad++ 5
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13 Maret, 2012

Instal MRTG di Windows

Instal MRTG di Windows

MRTG singkatan dari The Multi Router Traffic Grapher, merupakan tools yang berfungsi untuk mengamati besar trafik yang melewati suatu interface tertentu dimana yang bekerja ialah protokol SNMP, kemudian dari data yang diperoleh tersebut, akan dibuat suatu grafik sehingga mudah diamati oleh seorang admin jaringan.
Step by step yang perlu dilakukan ialah :
1. aktifkan SNMP pada windows
masuk ke control panel –> add or remove programs –> add/remove windows components –> centang management and monitoring tools, klik details
2. download dan install Perl
3. download paket mrtg kemudian install/ekstrak

4. rename folder hasil ekstraknya dengan mrtg
5. lalu buat satu folder baru dan beri nama mrtghtml
6. membuat setting konfigurasi dengan cfgmaker
masuk ke cmd, misal mrtg berada pada drive D
Microsoft<R> Windows DOS
<C>Copyright Microsoft Corp 1990-1999
C:\>d:
D:\>cd mrtg\bin
D:\mrtg\bin>perl cfgmaker public@202.158.170.1 --global "WorkDir: d:\mrtghtml" --output server.cfg

akan dihasilkan sebuah file server.cfg
7. sebelum me-run mrtg, sebaiknya dibuat indexmaker agar semua interface yang diamati tersebut bisa dilihat secara bersamaan, ga satu per satu, istilah laen yaitu mengumpulkan… :mrgreen:
D:\mrtg\bin>perl indexmaker --output index.htm server.cfg
diperoleh file index.htm, lalu copy-kan ke direktory D:\mrtghtml
8. masuk ke D:\mrtg\bin kemudian edit file server.cfg pake notepad.
Tambahkan :
RunAsDaemon: Yes
Interval: 5

Agar mrtg selalu merefresh tiap 5 menit sekali
Options[_]: bits
ShortLegend[_]: b/s

Untuk mengubah parameter skala bytes menjadi bits
9. menjalankan mrtg
D:\mrtg\bin>perl mrtg server.cfg

Sekian saja proses instalasi mrtg untuk windows. Untuk melihat grafiknya, masuk ke D:\mrtghtml kemudian klik dua kali pada index.htm. Bila ada kerusakan gambar pada links bagian bawah, maka cara memperbaiki, kita perlu mengkopikan images pada D:\mrtg\images dan paste-kan di D:\mrtghtml
Referensi :

http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/
http://www.netmon.org/24x7x365.htm
http://www.progsoc.uts.edu.au/lists/progsoc/2000/April/msg00146.html

=============================================================
Apa itu MRTG ?
Anda bisa menemukan jawabannya disini : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRTG
MRTG biasa ditemukan pada OS Linux. Bagi anda pengguna Windows yang ingin mencoba MRTG silakan mencoba tutorial ini.
Berikut adalah cara menginstall mrtg pada PC Windows.
  • Download ActivePerl
http://www.activestate.com/store/activeperl/download/
  • Download MRTG
http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/pub
  • Download Apache2Triad, kemudian install. Atau anda juga bisa menggunakan Microsoft IIS sebagai webservernya.
http://apache2triad.net/
  • Unzip MRTG ke folder C:\mrtg pada PC Windows anda
  • Kemudian install Perl.
Untuk memastikan direktori Perl sudah dikenal oleh PC Windows anda, lakukan langkah ini :
[Control Panel]->[System]->[Advanced]->[Environment variables] pada User variables for user, klik add.
new user variable
variable name :perl
variable value :c:\perl\bin
  • Untuk memeriksa instalasi Perl dan mrtg, jalankan perintah ini pada Command Prompt (masuk ke c:\mrtg\bin):
c:\mrtg\bin>perl mrtg
Akan tampil pesan error karena file konfigurasi mrtg belum ditemukan. Hal ini adalah normal, dan artinya mrtg dan perl sudah terinstall dengan baik.
  • Hidupkan service snmp & snmptrap pada Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Services. Kalau Belum ada service tersebu, Install dahulu dengan memakai Add/Remove Program pada Control Panel, Kemudian pilih Add/Remove Windows Components dan aktifkan Management and Monitoring Tools (SNMP dan WMI SNMP Provider).
  • Membuat file konfigurasi mrtg. Pada Command Prompt, masuk ke direktori c:\mrtg\bin kemudian ketikkan perintah berikut :
c:\mrtg\bin> perl cfgmaker public@127.0.0.1 –global “WorkDir: c:\apache2triad\htdocs\mrtg” –output mrtg.cfg
catatan :
127.0.0.1 adalah ip lokal komputer anda. Silakan ganti dengan IP yg ingin anda monitor dengan mrtg.
Workdir adalah direktori tempat mrtg menaruh hasil kerjanya, berupa gambar PNG, file log dan untuk file index.html.
  • Tambahkan baris berikut di file mrtg.cfg pada direktori C:\mrtg\bin>
RunAsDaemon: yes
WorkDir: c:\apache2triad\htdocs\mrtg
Options[_]: growleft,bits
WriteExpires: Yes
Interval:5
Refresh:300
  • Jalankan mrtg dengan file konfigurasi yang telah kita buat sebelumnya dengan perintah ini :
c:\mrtg\bin> perl mrtg mrtg.cfg
Pada saat pertama kali menjalankan perintah ini biasanya akan muncul error. Hal ini juga adalah normal, pesan error ini hanya mengingatkan bahwa belum ada file log, yang selanjutnya akan dibuat oleh mrtg secara otomatis.
  • Cara 1, menghidupkan daemon dgn manual, dijalankan secara manual setiap komputer dinyalakan (setelah dimatikan / restart)
C:\mrtg\bin>start /Dc:\mrtg\bin wperl mrtg –logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
  • Cara 2, menghidupkan daemon dgn otomatis setiap komputer dinyalakan.
    Buat shortcut di Startup folder windows
Target : C:\Perl\bin\wperl.exe c:\mrtg\bin\mrtg –logging=eventlog c:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.cfg
Start in : C:\Perl\bin
Shortcut key : None
Run : Normal Window
  • Untuk memonitor lebih dari 1 item maka kita memerlukan adanya organizer. Organizer ini berupa file index.html. Berikut cara membuat file index.html dengan memakai indexmaker dari mrtg.cfg :
C:\mrtg\bin>perl indexmaker mrtg.cfg –output=”c:\apache2triad\htdocs\mrtg\index.html”
Atau begini:
C:\mrtg\bin>perl indexmaker mrtg.cfg > c:\apache2triad\htdocs\mrtg\index.html
  • MRTG sudah bisa dilihat dengan mengakses  http://localhost/mrtg/ pada aplikasi browser anda.



Sumber
 http://primz.wordpress.com/2007/07/10/mrtg-on-windows/
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
Catatan Al_Fakir
Baca selengkapnya
Instal dan konfigurasi Squid di Win XP

Instal dan konfigurasi Squid di Win XP

Instalasi Squid 2.7 Stable8 di Windows XP
Bagaimana merubah Windows XP menjadi server proxy? Secara bawaan Windows XP tidak bisa dijadikan server proxy. Karena Sistem Operasi besutan Microsoft ini bukan ditujukan untuk komputer server melainkan untuk komputer client. Lantas bagaimana agar bisa? Jawabannya dengan Squid.
Instalasi Squid 2.7 Stable8 di Windows XP


Apa itu squid? Squid adalah aplikasi open source proxy yang biasanya diinstal dalam lingkungan linux. Squid akan menyimpan beberapa file seperti image, video, audio, script, dari hasil browsing ke dalam harddisk lokal. Dengan begitu browser tidak perlu mengambil file secara langsung dari internet, browser hanya mengambil beberapa file yang tidak ada atau belum tersimpan di harddisk lokal tadi. Hal ini membuat loading browser semakin cepat saat kita mengunjungi situs yang sama berulang kali. Manfaat lain yang dapat dirasakan adalah pengehematan bandwidth atau kuota.
Persiapan Yang Perlu Dilakukan
cachemgr.conf.default => cachemgr.conf
mime.conf.default => mime.conf
squid.conf.default => squid.conf
squid_radius_auth.conf.default => squid_radius_auth.conf
Konfigurasi Squid
Sekarang kita masuk ketahap instalasi. Edit file squid.conf yang baru saja diubah namanya menggunakan Notepad++.
  • Cari http_port 3128
Pastikan tidak ada tanda # di depan baris tersebut.
  • Cari TAG: visible_hostname
Kurang lebih isinya sebagai berikut:
#  TAG: visible_hostname
# If you want to present a special hostname in error messages, etc,
# define this.  Otherwise, the return value of gethostname()
# will be used. If you have multiple caches in a cluster and
# get errors about IP-forwarding you must set them to have individual
# names with this setting.
#
#Default:
# none
Tambahkan visible_hostname localhost di bawah tulisan #none.
  • Cari TAG: http_access
Anda akan menemukan kode berikut:
#  TAG: http_access
# Allowing or Denying access based on defined access lists
#
# Access to the HTTP port:
# http_access allow|deny [!]aclname …
#
# NOTE on default values:
#
# If there are no “access” lines present, the default is to deny
# the request.
#
# If none of the “access” lines cause a match, the default is the
# opposite of the last line in the list.  If the last line was
# deny, the default is allow.  Conversely, if the last line
# is allow, the default will be deny.  For these reasons, it is a
# good idea to have an “deny all” or “allow all” entry at the end
# of your access lists to avoid potential confusion.
#
#Default:
# http_access deny all
#
#Recommended minimum configuration:
#
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
# Deny requests to unknown ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
# Deny CONNECT to other than SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
#
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on “localhost” is a local user
#http_access deny to_localhost
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
http_access allow localnet
Tambahkan http_access allow localhost dibawah http_access allow localnet.
  • Cari TAG: dns_nameservers
Anda akan menemukan tulisan berikut:
#  TAG: dns_nameservers
# Use this if you want to specify a list of DNS name servers
# (IP addresses) to use instead of those given in your
# /etc/resolv.conf file.
# On Windows platforms, if no value is specified here or in
# the /etc/resolv.conf file, the list of DNS name servers are
# taken from the Windows registry, both static and dynamic DHCP
# configurations are supported.
#
# Example: dns_nameservers 10.0.0.1 192.172.0.4
#
#Default:
# none
Tambahkan dns_nameservers 203.130.206.250 202.134.0.155 dibawah #none (sesuaikan dengan DNS yang Anda dapat dari ISP. Contoh disini saya menggunakan DNS Speedy)
  • Cari TAG: cache_mgr
Kurang lebih Anda akan menemukan kode berikut:
#  TAG: cache_mgr
# Email-address of local cache manager who will receive
# mail if the cache dies. The default is “webmaster”.
#
#Default:
# cache_mgr webmaster
Hilangkan tanda # di depan cache_mgr webmaster dan silahkan ubah nama webmaster menjadi nama atau alamat email Anda. Contoh: cache_mgr abiytia
  • Cari TAG: cache_dir
Lihat kode berikut:
#  TAG: cache_dir
# Usage:
#
# cache_dir Type Directory-Name Fs-specific-data [options]
#
# You can specify multiple cache_dir lines to spread the
# cache among different disk partitions.
#
# Type specifies the kind of storage system to use. Only “ufs”
# is built by default. To enable any of the other storage systems
# see the –enable-storeio configure option.
#
# ‘Directory’ is a top-level directory where cache swap
# files will be stored. If you want to use an entire disk
# for caching, this can be the mount-point directory.
# The directory must exist and be writable by the Squid
# process. Squid will NOT create this directory for you.
# Only using COSS, a raw disk device or a stripe file can
# be specified, but the configuration of the “cache_swap_log”
# tag is mandatory.
#
# The ufs store type:
#
# “ufs” is the old well-known Squid storage format that has always
# been there.
#
# cache_dir ufs Directory-Name Mbytes L1 L2 [options]
#
# ‘Mbytes’ is the amount of disk space (MB) to use under this
# directory.  The default is 100 MB.  Change this to suit your
# configuration.  Do NOT put the size of your disk drive here.
# Instead, if you want Squid to use the entire disk drive,
# subtract 20% and use that value.
#
# ‘Level-1? is the number of first-level subdirectories which
# will be created under the ‘Directory’.  The default is 16.
#
# ‘Level-2? is the number of second-level subdirectories which
# will be created under each first-level directory.  The default
# is 256.
#
# The aufs store type:
#
# “aufs” uses the same storage format as “ufs”, utilizing
# POSIX-threads to avoid blocking the main Squid process on
# disk-I/O. This was formerly known in Squid as async-io.
#
# cache_dir aufs Directory-Name Mbytes L1 L2 [options]
#
# see argument descriptions under ufs above
#
# The diskd store type:
#
# “diskd” uses the same storage format as “ufs”, utilizing a
# separate process to avoid blocking the main Squid process on
# disk-I/O.
#
# cache_dir diskd Directory-Name Mbytes L1 L2 [options] [Q1=n] [Q2=n]
#
# see argument descriptions under ufs above
#
# Q1 specifies the number of unacknowledged I/O requests when Squid
# stops opening new files. If this many messages are in the queues,
# Squid won’t open new files. Default is 64
#
# Q2 specifies the number of unacknowledged messages when Squid
# starts blocking.  If this many messages are in the queues,
# Squid blocks until it receives some replies. Default is 72
#
# When Q1 < Q2 (the default), the cache directory is optimized
# for lower response time at the expense of a decrease in hit
# ratio.  If Q1 > Q2, the cache directory is optimized for
# higher hit ratio at the expense of an increase in response
# time.
#
# The coss store type:
#
# block-size=n defines the “block size” for COSS cache_dir’s.
# Squid uses file numbers as block numbers.  Since file numbers
# are limited to 24 bits, the block size determines the maximum
# size of the COSS partition.  The default is 512 bytes, which
# leads to a maximum cache_dir size of 512<<24, or 8 GB.  Note
# you should not change the COSS block size after Squid
# has written some objects to the cache_dir.
#
# overwrite-percent=n defines the percentage of disk that COSS
# must write to before a given object will be moved to the
# current stripe.  A value of “n” closer to 100 will cause COSS
# to waste less disk space by having multiple copies of an object
# on disk, but will increase the chances of overwriting a popular
# object as COSS overwrites stripes.  A value of “n” close to 0
# will cause COSS to keep all current objects in the current COSS
# stripe at the expense of the hit rate.  The default value of 50
# will allow any given object to be stored on disk a maximum of
# 2 times.
#
# max-stripe-waste=n defines the maximum amount of space that COSS
# will waste in a given stripe (in bytes).  When COSS writes data
# to disk, it will potentially waste up to “max-size” worth of disk
# space for each 1MB of data written.  If “max-size” is set to a
# large value (ie >256k), this could potentially result in large
# amounts of wasted disk space. Setting this value to a lower value
# (ie 64k or 32k) will result in a COSS disk refusing to cache
# larger objects until the COSS stripe has been filled to within
# “max-stripe-waste” of the maximum size (1MB).
#
# membufs=n defines the number of “memory-only” stripes that COSS
# will use.  When an cache hit is performed on a COSS stripe before
# COSS has reached the overwrite-percent value for that object,
# COSS will use a series of memory buffers to hold the object in
# while the data is sent to the client.  This will define the maximum
# number of memory-only buffers that COSS will use.  The default value
# is 10, which will use a maximum of 10MB of memory for buffers.
#
# maxfullbufs=n defines the maximum number of stripes a COSS partition
# will have in memory waiting to be freed (either because the disk is
# under load and the stripe is unwritten, or because clients are still
# transferring data from objects using the memory).  In order to try
# and maintain a good hit rate under load, COSS will reserve the last
# 2 full stripes for object hits. (ie a COSS cache_dir will reject
# new objects when the number of full stripes is 2 less than maxfullbufs)
#
# The null store type:
#
# no options are allowed or required
#
# Common options:
#
# no-store, no new objects should be stored to this cache_dir
#
# min-size=n, refers to the min object size this storedir will accept.
# It’s used to restrict a storedir to only store large objects
# (e.g. aufs) while other storedirs are optimized for smaller objects
# (e.g. COSS). Defaults to 0.
#
# max-size=n, refers to the max object size this storedir supports.
# It is used to initially choose the storedir to dump the object.
# Note: To make optimal use of the max-size limits you should order
# the cache_dir lines with the smallest max-size value first and the
# ones with no max-size specification last.
#
# Note that for coss, max-size must be less than COSS_MEMBUF_SZ
# (hard coded at 1 MB).
#
#Default:
# cache_dir ufs c:/squid/var/cache 100 16 256
Hilangkan tanda # di depan cache_dir ufs c:/squid/var/cache 100 16 256. Ubah nilai 100. Contoh: cache_dir ufs c:/squid/var/cache 30720 16 256 (saya memasukkan nilai 30720, artinya kapasitas harddisk untuk cache squid sebesar 30720 MB atau sekitar 30 GB)
  • Cari TAG: cache_mem
Lihat kode berikut:
#  TAG: cache_mem       (bytes)
# NOTE: THIS PARAMETER DOES NOT SPECIFY THE MAXIMUM PROCESS SIZE.
# IT ONLY PLACES A LIMIT ON HOW MUCH ADDITIONAL MEMORY SQUID WILL
# USE AS A MEMORY CACHE OF OBJECTS. SQUID USES MEMORY FOR OTHER
# THINGS AS WELL. SEE THE SQUID FAQ SECTION 8 FOR DETAILS.
#
# ‘cache_mem’ specifies the ideal amount of memory to be used
# for:
# * In-Transit objects
# * Hot Objects
# * Negative-Cached objects
#
# Data for these objects are stored in 4 KB blocks.  This
# parameter specifies the ideal upper limit on the total size of
# 4 KB blocks allocated.  In-Transit objects take the highest
# priority.
#
# In-transit objects have priority over the others.  When
# additional space is needed for incoming data, negative-cached
# and hot objects will be released.  In other words, the
# negative-cached and hot objects will fill up any unused space
# not needed for in-transit objects.
#
# If circumstances require, this limit will be exceeded.
# Specifically, if your incoming request rate requires more than
# ‘cache_mem’ of memory to hold in-transit objects, Squid will
# exceed this limit to satisfy the new requests.  When the load
# decreases, blocks will be freed until the high-water mark is
# reached.  Thereafter, blocks will be used to store hot
# objects.
#
#Default:
# cache_mem 8 MB
Hilangkan tanda # di depan cache_mem 8 MB, dan ubah sizenya. Sebaiknya 1/3 dari size RAM komputer Anda. Contoh: cache_mem 1024 MB (saya menggunakan 1024 MB atau sekitar 1 GB untuk squid proxy)
  • Cari TAG: minimum_object_size
Lihat kode berikut:
#  TAG: minimum_object_size   (bytes)
# Objects smaller than this size will NOT be saved on disk.  The
# value is specified in kilobytes, and the default is 0 KB, which
#means there is no minimum.
#
#Default:
# minimum_object_size 0 KB
Hilangkan tanda # di depan minimum_object_size 0 KB. Sesuaikan sizenya. Contoh: minimum_object_size 1 KB. Artinya, minimal file yang akan disimpan ke dalam harddisk sebesar 1 KB.
  • Cari TAG: maximum_object_size
Lihat kode berikut:
#  TAG: maximum_object_size  (bytes)
# Objects larger than this size will NOT be saved on disk.  The
# value is specified in kilobytes, and the default is 4MB.  If
# you wish to get a high BYTES hit ratio, you should probably
# increase this (one 32 MB object hit counts for 3200 10KB
# hits).  If you wish to increase speed more than your want to
# save bandwidth you should leave this low.
#
# NOTE: if using the LFUDA replacement policy you should increase
# this value to maximize the byte hit rate improvement of LFUDA!
# See replacement_policy below for a discussion of this policy.
#
#Default:
# maximum_object_size 4096 KB
Hilangkan tanda # di depan maximum_object_size 4096 KB. Sesuaikan size untuk maksimal file yang akan disimpan ke dalam harddisk.
  • Cari TAG: maximum_object_size_in_memory
Lihat kode berikut:
#  TAG: maximum_object_size_in_memory        (bytes)
# Objects greater than this size will not be attempted to kept in
# the memory cache. This should be set high enough to keep objects
# accessed frequently in memory to improve performance whilst low
# enough to keep larger objects from hoarding cache_mem.
#
#Default:
# maximum_object_size_in_memory 8 KB
Hilangkan tanda # di depan maximum_object_size_in_memory 8 KB. Sesuaikan nilai untuk maksimal file yang tersimpan sementara di memory.
  • Simpan file konfigurasi yang telah kita buat diatas. Jalankan command prompt. Klik Start?Run?ketik cmd
  • Masuk ke direktori C:squidsbin dengan mengetikan perintah berikut cd C:squidsbin
  •  Ketik squid –z  [ enter]. Untuk membuat direktori swap/cache.
  • Ketik squid –d 1 –D  [enter]. Option “-d 1” digunakan untuk masuk ke debug level  (untuk diagnosa saja) dan option “-D” digunakan untuk membypass pengecekan DNS, berguna jika anda belum terkoneksi ke internet.
  • Ketik squid –i [enter]. Untuk memasukkan squid ke dalam service windows.
  • Ketik squid –O –D [enter]. Untuk memasukkan parameter –D ke registry ketika service dijalankan.
  • Jalankan service dengan cara Start => Run => services.msc => cari service dengan nama squid kemudian klik kanan pilih Start.
Untuk uninstall squid gunakan perintah squid –r [enter].
Selamat mencoba semoga berhasil.

 sumber
 http://www.alweecomputer.com/
 http://widiy.blogspot.com/
Catatan Al_Fakir
Baca selengkapnya
MICR

MICR

 Artikel bahasa Inggris




Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) was developed to utilize the benefits of computer technology in the banking industry. Prior to the use of a MICR line, check sorting by account number was a manual process. Two systems were previously used to handle the large numbers of checks processed in the banking industry: Sort-A-Matic and Top Tab Key Sort.

The Sort-A-Matic system included 100 metal or leather dividers numbered 00 through 99. Each check was placed in the corresponding divider by the first two numbers of the account. The sorting process was then repeated for the next two digits of the account number, and so on. When the process was complete, the checks were grouped by account number.

Under the Top Tab Key Sort system, small holes punched at the top of the checks indicated the digits. For instance, the first hole indicated the value of the first digits (0, 1, 2, 3...) A metal "key" was inserted through the holes to separate all of the checks with the same value in the first digit, and this step was repeated for each digit until all the checks were sorted.

Both of these systems worked, but they were time-consuming. With the advent of the computer and its movement from the laboratory into the business world, a sorting and matching task seemed ideal. Stanford University and Bank of America were the first to successfully use computers to sort and match checks. They developed what is now known as MICR.
The Development of the MICR Font

The MICR font was developed by Stanford University in conjunction with Bank of America and approved by the American Banking Association. The font is known as the E-13B font. E-13B has a total of 14 characters: ten specially designed numbers (0 through 9) and four special symbols (Transit, Amount, On-Us, and Dash).

The letter E indicates the fifth version considered. The letter B indicates the second revision of that version. The number 13 is derived from the 0.013-inch module construction used for stroke and character width. This means that all character widths, both horizontal and vertical, are in multiples of 0.013 inches ranging from 0.052 to 0.091. The significance of this will be explained more thoroughly later in this article.
MICR Readers

Three types of machines are used to read MICR characters. The two that read the characters magnetically are referred to as MICR readers. The third machine is an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) reader.

E-13B characters are printed with toner containing iron oxide, which is capable of being magnetized. MICR readers transport the checks containing the E-13B magnetic characters past a magnet, thereby magnetizing the iron oxide particles. The magnetized characters then pass under a magnetic read head. The magnetic field (flux pattern) caused by the magnetized characters generates a current in the read head. The strength and timing of this current allows the reader to decipher the characters.

Magnetic readers come in two types: single track (single gap or split scan) and multiple track (matrix or pattern) readers.

Single-Track Reader Characteristics
Single track uses a read head with one gap to detect the magnetic flux pattern generated by the MICR character. When a magnetized E-13B printed character moves across the narrow gap of the read head, the electric voltage caused by the magnetic flux from the character generates a waveform unique to each character.

Multi-Track Reader Characteristics
The multiple track reader employs a matrix of tiny, vertically aligned read heads to detect the presence of the magnetic flux pattern. The small individual read heads slice across the character to detect the presence of magnetic flux. This sensing of magnetic flux over time produces a unique matrix pattern for each character.

An OCR reader does not use magnetic properties to detect the E-13B characters. Instead, it uses a scanner to detect the amount of light reflected from the character and the amount of light reflected from the background. A photocell column detects the presence of the dark area of a character.
Waveform Theory

The readers move and read documents from right to left. The right-hand edge of the character, as a result, is the first to cross the read head. Analysis of the signal level created by reading the character 0 will help explain this in greater detail.<




As the character moves from right to left under the read head, the gap detects the magnetism of the first right-hand edge (edge 1). This results in the increase in magnetism and a positive peak is created (peak 1). As soon as the right-hand edge moves beyond the read head gap, no new magnetism is found, and thus the wave form returns to the zero signal level.

At the second edge, the vertical read head detects a drop in magnetism, which results in a -110 signal level at peak 2. Again the waveform returns to zero until the next portion of the inner ring of the character is detected. At this point (peak 3), an increase in magnetism (+110) is indicated. Finally, the outer portion of the character is read, resulting in a negative peak (peak 4) of -130.

The placement of the vertical edges must occur in increments of 0.013 inches from the first right-hand edge. There are five characters that have two positive and two negative peaks similar to the character 0 and also appear in a positive-negative-positive-negative format. They are 0, 2, 4, 5, and the transit character, which are differentiated from one another by the horizontal location of the peaks in the waveforms. The peaks do require different amplitudes, but ANSI standards allow them to vary from 50% to 200% of the nominal amplitudes (Canadian standards allow them to vary from 80% to 200% of the nominal amplitudes). This is why the placement of the waveform is so important and why the characters are shaped unusually.
What Affects the Signal Level?

Signal level can vary based on a number of factors. The amount of iron oxide (concentration) that is present in the character will affect the signal level. This is a function not only of the toner itself, but also of how it is laid on the paper and the pile height, which can be controlled by numerous other cartridge components (i.e., "hot" OPCs).

The taller the vertical edge of the character, the taller the peak (either positive or negative). A vertical edge that is not regular and/or not vertical will result in a reduction in the amplitude of the peak and will flatten the peak out.

Keys to proper waveform detection are:

* All peaks in a character's waveform must be detected. The reader sorter must know that the peak is there.

* The peak must be located at or near its anticipated location.

* No significant "extra" peaks can be present.

* There cannot be wide variations in the signal levels of peaks within a character.

What to Look for in MICR Printers and Consumables

Printers that are used for MICR printing must have a unique MICR font that is modified to suit the unique printer engine, and it must be modified to the pixel level to match the magnetic toner provided for that printer. This is essential to ensure the correct waveform, dimension, and signal strength when a check is printed with the correct MICR characters. In addition, the MICR font must meet ABA-X9 standards to ensure acceptance of your checks by banking institutions.

The magnetic MICR toner that you choose must be specifically designed for the particular print engine in the printer. Ensure the toner has been thoroughly tested for consistent signal readings, image permanence and uniformity, and excellent edge acuity. Toner coverage must be solid with no extraneous toner lay down.

OEM cartridges are always a safe (but more expensive) bet. If you buy a "compatible" brand, ensure it has a new OPC drum, new primary charge rollers (PCRs), a new black velvet magnetic sleeve, and new image wiper blades. The hopper system must be filled with high-quality, low-abrasion MICR toner.

The vendor you choose should use the latest and most advance MICR test equipment, such as a Verifier and Golden Qualifier to conform to ANSI X9 Standards. It is also recommended that the systems exceed U.S. and Canadian check printing standards.
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Ink Character Recognition magnetik (MICR) dikembangkan untuk memanfaatkan keuntungan dari teknologi komputer dalam industri perbankan. Sebelum penggunaan dari garis MICR, periksa menyortir menurut nomor rekening adalah proses manual. Dua sistem sebelumnya digunakan untuk menangani sejumlah besar cek diproses di industri perbankan: Urutkan-A-Matic dan Urutkan Tab Kunci Top.
Sistem Sort-A-Matic termasuk 100 logam atau pembagi kulit bernomor 00 sampai 99. Setiap cek ditempatkan di pembagi yang sesuai dengan dua angka pertama dari account. Proses penyortiran kemudian diulang untuk dua digit berikutnya nomor rekening, dan sebagainya. Ketika proses itu selesai, pemeriksaan tersebut dikelompokkan berdasarkan nomor rekening.
Di bawah sistem Kunci Tab Urutkan Top, lubang kecil menekan di bagian atas pemeriksaan menunjukkan digit. Misalnya, lubang pertama menunjukkan nilai dari digit pertama (0, 1, 2, 3 ...) Sebuah logam "kunci" dimasukkan melalui lubang-lubang untuk memisahkan semua cek dengan nilai yang sama di digit pertama, dan langkah ini diulang untuk setiap digit sampai semua pemeriksaan telah disortir.
Kedua sistem ini bekerja, tapi mereka memakan waktu. Dengan munculnya komputer dan gerakannya dari laboratorium ke dunia bisnis, tugas menyortir dan mencocokkan tampak ideal. Stanford University dan Bank of America adalah yang pertama untuk berhasil menggunakan komputer untuk menyortir dan mencocokkan cek. Mereka mengembangkan apa yang sekarang dikenal sebagai MICR.Perkembangan Font MICR
Font MICR dikembangkan oleh Stanford University bersama dengan Bank of America dan disetujui oleh Asosiasi Perbankan Amerika. Font dikenal sebagai font-13B. E-13B memiliki total 14 karakter: sepuluh nomor yang dirancang khusus (0 sampai 9) dan empat simbol-simbol khusus (transit, Jumlah, On-Us, dan Dash).
Huruf E menunjukkan versi kelima dipertimbangkan. Huruf B menunjukkan revisi kedua versi itu. Jumlah 13 berasal dari konstruksi modul 0,013 inci digunakan untuk stroke dan lebar karakter. Ini berarti bahwa lebar karakter semua, baik horisontal dan vertikal, adalah dalam kelipatan 0,013 inci berkisar 0,052-0,091. Signifikansi hal ini akan dijelaskan lebih teliti kemudian dalam artikel ini.MICR Pembaca
Tiga jenis mesin yang digunakan untuk membaca karakter MICR. Dua yang membaca karakter magnetis yang disebut sebagai pembaca MICR. Mesin ketiga adalah Optical Character Recognition (OCR) reader.
E-13B karakter yang dicetak dengan toner yang mengandung oksida besi, yang mampu menjadi magnet. Pembaca MICR mengangkut cek yang berisi E-13B karakter magnetik terakhir magnet, sehingga magnetizing partikel oksida besi. Karakter magnet kemudian lulus di bawah kepala baca magnetik. Medan magnet (pola fluks) yang disebabkan oleh karakter magnet menghasilkan arus di kepala membaca. Kekuatan dan waktu saat ini memungkinkan pembaca untuk menguraikan karakter.
Pembaca magnetik datang dalam dua jenis: rel tunggal (gap tunggal atau scan split) dan jalur ganda (matriks atau pola) pembaca.
Tunggal-Track Pembaca KarakteristikRel tunggal menggunakan kepala baca dengan satu celah untuk mendeteksi pola fluks magnet yang dihasilkan oleh karakter MICR. Ketika sebuah magnet E-13B bergerak cetak karakter di celah sempit dari kepala baca, tegangan listrik yang disebabkan oleh fluks magnetik dari karakter menghasilkan gelombang unik untuk setiap karakter.
Multi-Track Pembaca KarakteristikPembaca trek beberapa mempekerjakan matriks kecil, kepala membaca vertikal sejajar untuk mendeteksi keberadaan pola fluks magnetik. Kepala individu kecil baca mengiris seluruh karakter untuk mendeteksi keberadaan fluks magnetik. Ini penginderaan fluks magnetik dari waktu ke waktu menghasilkan matriks pola yang unik untuk setiap karakter.
Seorang pembaca OCR tidak menggunakan sifat magnetik untuk mendeteksi e-13B karakter. Sebaliknya, menggunakan scanner untuk mendeteksi jumlah cahaya yang tercermin dari karakter dan jumlah cahaya yang dipantulkan dari latar belakang. Sebuah kolom fotosel mendeteksi adanya daerah gelap dari sebuah karakter.Bentuk gelombang Teori
Pembaca bergerak dan membaca dokumen dari kanan ke kiri. Tepi kanan karakter, sebagai akibatnya, adalah yang pertama untuk menyeberangi kepala baca. Analisis tingkat sinyal diciptakan dengan membaca 0 karakter akan membantu menjelaskan hal ini secara lebih rinci. <



Sebagai karakter bergerak dari kanan ke kiri di bawah kepala baca, kesenjangan mendeteksi magnet dari tepi kanan pertama (tepi 1). Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan magnet dan puncak positif dibuat (puncak 1). Begitu kanan bergerak tepi luar kesenjangan kepala baca, tidak ada magnet baru ditemukan, dan dengan demikian bentuk gelombang kembali ke tingkat sinyal nol.
Di pinggir kedua, kepala baca vertikal mendeteksi penurunan magnetisme, yang menghasilkan tingkat sinyal -110 pada puncaknya 2. Sekali lagi gelombang kembali ke nol sampai bagian berikutnya dari cincin bagian dari karakter terdeteksi. Pada titik ini (puncak 3), peningkatan daya tarik (+110) diindikasikan. Akhirnya, bagian terluar dari karakter dibaca, mengakibatkan puncak negatif (puncak 4) dari -130.
Penempatan tepi vertikal harus terjadi dengan penambahan sebesar 0,013 inci dari tepi kanan-tangan pertama. Ada lima karakter yang memiliki dua puncak negatif positif dan dua mirip dengan karakter 0 dan juga muncul dalam format positif-negatif-positif-negatif. Mereka adalah 0, 2, 4, 5, dan karakter transit, yang berbeda satu sama lain oleh lokasi horisontal dari puncak dalam bentuk gelombang. Puncak memang membutuhkan amplitudo yang berbeda, namun standar ANSI memungkinkan mereka untuk bervariasi dari 50% menjadi 200% dari amplitudo nominal (standar Kanada memungkinkan mereka untuk bervariasi dari 80% sampai 200% dari amplitudo nominal). Inilah sebabnya mengapa penempatan gelombang sangat penting dan mengapa karakter yang berbentuk luar biasa.Apa yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Sinyal?
Level sinyal dapat bervariasi berdasarkan sejumlah faktor. Jumlah oksida besi (konsentrasi) yang hadir dalam karakter akan mempengaruhi tingkat sinyal. Ini adalah fungsi tidak hanya dari toner itu sendiri, tetapi juga bagaimana hal itu diletakkan pada kertas dan tinggi tiang pancang yang dapat dikontrol oleh berbagai komponen cartridge lain (yaitu, "panas" OPC).
Semakin tinggi tepi vertikal karakter, tinggi puncak (baik positif atau negatif). Sebuah tepi vertikal yang tidak teratur dan / atau tidak vertikal akan menghasilkan pengurangan amplitudo puncak dan akan meratakan puncak keluar.
Kunci deteksi gelombang yang tepat adalah:
* Semua puncak dalam bentuk gelombang karakter yang harus dideteksi. Para penyortir pembaca harus tahu bahwa puncak itu ada.
* Puncaknya harus berada pada atau dekat lokasi diantisipasi.
* Tidak ada yang signifikan "ekstra" puncak bisa hadir.
* Tidak bisa ada variasi yang luas dalam tingkat sinyal puncak dalam karakter.
Apa yang Harus Diperhatikan dalam Printer MICR dan Konsumabel
Printer yang digunakan untuk mencetak MICR harus memiliki font MICR unik yang dimodifikasi untuk menyesuaikan dengan mesin printer yang unik, dan harus dimodifikasi untuk tingkat pixel agar sesuai dengan toner magnetik disediakan untuk printer itu. Hal ini penting untuk memastikan bentuk gelombang yang benar, dimensi, dan kekuatan sinyal ketika cek dicetak dengan karakter MICR benar. Selain itu, font MICR harus memenuhi ABA-X9 standar untuk memastikan penerimaan cek Anda oleh lembaga perbankan.
Para magnetik MICR toner yang Anda pilih harus dirancang secara khusus untuk mesin cetak tertentu dalam printer. Pastikan toner telah diuji secara menyeluruh untuk pembacaan sinyal konsisten, keabadian gambar dan keseragaman, dan ketajaman tepi sangat baik. Cakupan toner harus solid dengan tidak ada toner asing berbaring.
Cartridge OEM selalu bertaruh (tapi lebih mahal) aman. Jika Anda membeli "kompatibel" merek, pastikan ia memiliki OPC drum baru, roller biaya baru primer (PCR), lengan beludru hitam baru magnetik, dan pisau gambar baru wiper. Sistem hopper harus diisi dengan toner MICR berkualitas tinggi, rendah abrasi.
Vendor yang Anda pilih harus menggunakan peralatan MICR tes terbaru dan paling maju, seperti Verifier dan Kualifikasi Emas agar sesuai dengan Standar ANSI X9. Hal ini juga dianjurkan bahwa sistem melampaui standar cek Amerika Serikat dan Kanada pencetakan.

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